Development Of The Mammary Gland - 9524 Words

Introduction 1. Normal mammary gland 1.1 normal mammary gland anatomies The normal breast sits on the chest muscle, consisting mainly of adipose tissue, also known as mammary fat pad. The mature mammary gland is composed of 15-20 lobes, which are each composed of smaller structure called lobules. Tiny Lactiferous ducts connect lobules to each other. (Fig. 1b) (Schneider and Bocker). A typical structure of duct is composed of a hollow lumen, enclosed by a layer of epithelial luminal cells that produce milk (Fig 1c). Outside of epithelial luminal cells is a layer of myoepithelial cell and basement membrane (Visvader). Maintain the correct morphology of duct requires extracellular matrix which together with fibroblasts, endothelial cells, macrophages, and adipocytes, constitute mammary stroma. Fat fills the spaces between the lobules and ducts. 1.2 Mammary gland development Development of the mammary gland starts during embryogenesis but takes several years to complete; indeed, they are still primitive structures that are not yet connected to the nipple, therefore are not functional at birth (Anderson and Clarke). Until puberty, breasts grow extremely slow in size. However, at puberty, they undergo their first spurt of allometric growth and formation of the milk-producing lobules. The lobules extend into the mammary fat pad, and glands become more complex. During each menstrual cycle, ovarian hormones induce mammary development and new budding of structures up until the age ofShow MoreRelatedThe Importance Of Store-Dependent Channels1285 Words   |  6 PagesOrai1, Orai1 knockout mice are deficient in multiple aspects of the immune system (Feske, 2009; Gwack et al., 2008; Vig et al., 2008). 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The adipose tissue expands through the whole collar-bone to the armpit then all the way down to the middle of the female’s ribcage. In a healthy female breast, there are 12-20 lobes which are made up of minuscule lobules which are glands that produce milk. Lobules and lobes are both connectedRead MoreBreast Cancer Pain Essay723 Words   |  3 PagesBreast Cancer Pain Breast Anatomy and Physiology The breasts or mammary glands are sometimes considered a part of the reproduction system. Structurally, they are modified sweat glands. They are composed of mainly fat, breast tissue, nerves, veins, arteries, and connective tissues. The breast is usually situated on top of the pectoral major muscles covering the second rib to the sixth or seventh rib and extends from the sternum to the mid-axillary line. Breast tissue has an axillary tailRead MoreAnatomy And Physiology And Describe Their Subdivisions942 Words   |  4 Pagesbriefly explain the major functions of each system. 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